{"id":39037,"date":"2018-08-16T16:07:22","date_gmt":"2018-08-16T14:07:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/?p=39037"},"modified":"2020-09-29T15:44:58","modified_gmt":"2020-09-29T13:44:58","slug":"improving-your-pronunciation-with-a-phonemic-chart","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/improving-your-pronunciation-with-a-phonemic-chart\/","title":{"rendered":"Improving Your Pronunciation With A Phonemic Chart"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">What do English, Maori, Vietnamese and Zulu have in common? Along with another <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_languages_by_writing_system#Latin_script\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">131 of the world\u2019s languages<\/a>, they all use the <a href=\"http:\/\/scriptsource.org\/cms\/scripts\/page.php?item_id=script_detail&#038;key=Latn\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Latin script<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">If your first language uses the same alphabet, you\u2019d think that learning the sounds of English would be easy. But, for many learners of English, pronouncing words <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>accurately<\/em><\/span> can be a real challenge.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Why is English phonology so complicated? And how can learning to use a phonemic chart <a href=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/5-powerful-tools-to-perfect-your-pronunciation\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">improve your pronunciation<\/a>?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">This week, we\u2019ll answer these questions and help you <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>get to grips<\/em><\/span> with the 44 sounds of English!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #2d346f;\"><strong>English, The Linguistic Mix<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">We talk about the English language as a single entity, but there\u2019s more to it than meets the eye.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Foreign-language-influences-in-English.jpg\" alt=\"Improving your pronunciation with a phonemic chart | Oxford House Barcelona\" width=\"503\" height=\"449\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-39038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Foreign-language-influences-in-English.jpg 503w, https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Foreign-language-influences-in-English-300x268.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" \/><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">English actually consists of a mix of different languages. For centuries the British Isles were invaded &#8211; Romans, Jutes, Angles, Saxons, Vikings and Normans. Each invading culture brought with it a new language and each language (and many more since) has contributed to the formation and evolution of English.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">As a result, English now has a lot of different words, with different sounds and different spellings. So, we\u2019ve ended up with a language that doesn\u2019t really follow any rules.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">This video by famous typologist <a href=\"http:\/\/www.historygraphicdesign.com\/the-age-of-information\/the-new-york-school\/248-edward-rondthaler\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Ed Rondthaler<\/a> shows just what a nightmare English spelling can be!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<div class=\"element_size_\"><iframe title=\"Ed Rondthaler on English spelling\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/17561068?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #2d346f;\"><strong>A World of Englishes<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Another reason why English phonology can be complicated is that there are many Englishes out there. From <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ethnologue.com\/country\/as\/languages\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">American Samoa<\/a> to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ethnologue.com\/country\/zw\/languages\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Zimbabwe<\/a> there are millions of people who speak English as their first language.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Although British and American English are the most frequently taught varieties, these standardised forms don\u2019t represent the phonological diversity in the UK and the USA, <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>let alone<\/em><\/span> the rest of the world.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Here\u2019s what eminent English linguist David Crystal has to say about it!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<div class=\"element_size_\"><iframe title=\"David Crystal - Which English?\" width=\"870\" height=\"489\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0XT04EO5RSU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #2d346f;\"><strong>What Is A Phonemic Chart?<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">A phonemic chart, like this one from Macmillan English, is a set of symbols that represent the sounds of English. There are a total of 44 phonemes in (British) English, but only 26 letters.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.macmillanenglish.com\/uploadedFiles\/wwwmacmillanenglishcom\/Content\/SiteSections\/pronunciation\/phonemic-charts\/phonetic-chart-landscape-british-english.pdfhttp:\/\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Phonemic-Chart.jpg\" alt=\"Improving your pronunciation with a phonemic chart | Oxford House Barcelona\" width=\"669\" height=\"494\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-39039\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Phonemic-Chart.jpg 669w, https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Phonemic-Chart-300x222.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">The symbols used in a phonemic chart come from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.internationalphoneticassociation.org\/sites\/default\/files\/IPA_Kiel_2015.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)<\/a>. These are the same symbols that you\u2019ll see when you look up a word in the dictionary.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #cd5c5c;\"><strong>Consonants<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>At first glance<\/em><\/span>, all these symbols can seem confusing, but a lot of them are exactly the same as letters in the alphabet. If you look at the consonants in this colourful diagram, designed by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.languagebasecamp.com\/linguistics-for-language-learners-what-is-the-ipa\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Language Base Camp<\/a>, you\u2019ll see that there are very few surprises.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Starting with \u2018spy\u2019, try pronouncing the words in the diagram and notice how your lips and tongue move to produce the different consonantal sounds.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.languagebasecamp.com\/linguistics-for-language-learners-what-is-the-ipa\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/What-is-the-IPA.jpg\" alt=\"Improving your pronunciation with a phonemic chart | Oxford House Barcelona\" width=\"644\" height=\"635\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-39040\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/What-is-the-IPA.jpg 644w, https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/What-is-the-IPA-300x296.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #cd5c5c;\"><strong>Vowels<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Spanish has just 5 vowel sounds, which correspond neatly with each vowel in the alphabet (a, e, i, o, u). By contrast, British English has a total of 20 vowels (12 pure vowels and 8 <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>diphthongs).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">In the image below, you have the Spanish vowels in the centre of the circle and the equivalent English vowels around the outside. As you can see, they don\u2019t <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>match up<\/em><\/span> and this can make it very difficult for Spanish speakers to hear the difference between certain English vowels.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<div id=\"attachment_39041\" style=\"width: 532px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-39041\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Vowels-Sound.jpg\" alt=\"Improving your pronunciation with a phonemic chart | Oxford House Barcelona\" width=\"522\" height=\"590\" class=\"size-full wp-image-39041\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Vowels-Sound.jpg 522w, https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Vowels-Sound-265x300.jpg 265w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-39041\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">2014-2016 Version created by Janet Auckland R.S.ADipl. for Angl\u00e8s per Adults students<\/p><\/div>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #2d346f;\"><strong>How Can It Help My Pronunciation?<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">As we\u2019ve said, when it comes to spelling and pronunciation, English is a bit of a mess! With 26 letters but 44 sounds, the way a word is written and how it is pronounced can be very different.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">By learning phonemic symbols, you can be 100% sure that you\u2019re getting it right. You can start perceiving the differences between English sounds, but also the differences between English sounds and those of your first language.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">The phonemic transcription doesn\u2019t just give you information about individual sounds, but also the number of syllables a word has.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Guess how many syllables these words have in standard English pronunciation:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><em>(answers at the bottom of the page)*<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">&#8211; Business<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">&#8211; Vegetable<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">&#8211; Wednesday<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">&#8211; Comfortable<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span style=\"color: #2d346f;\"><strong>3 Exercises To Get You Started<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #cd5c5c;\"><strong>1. Example Words<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Start by trying to learn small groups of similar sounds, for example \/t, d, \u03b8, \u00f0\/. These consonants are all produced at the front of the mouth, with your tongue between or just behind your teeth.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Make a short list of words that include these sounds and practise saying them.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Example-Words.jpg\" alt=\"Improving your pronunciation with a phonemic chart | Oxford House Barcelona\" width=\"698\" height=\"144\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-39042\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Example-Words.jpg 698w, https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Example-Words-300x62.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 698px) 100vw, 698px\" \/><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #cd5c5c;\"><strong>2. Minimal Pairs<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Next you can start looking for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.englishclub.com\/pronunciation\/minimal-pairs.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">minimal pairs<\/a>. These are words that are pronounced the same, apart from one sound. Practising with minimal pairs is a great way to start perceiving the differences between similar sounds.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Minimal-Pairs.jpg\" alt=\"Improving your pronunciation with a phonemic chart | Oxford House Barcelona\" width=\"695\" height=\"198\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-39043\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Minimal-Pairs.jpg 695w, https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Minimal-Pairs-300x85.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 695px) 100vw, 695px\" \/><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #cd5c5c;\"><strong>3. Accent Coach<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Once you\u2019re feeling more confident with the phonemic chart, you can do some listening practice. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.englishaccentcoach.com\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">English Accent Coach<\/a> is an online game, that is designed to train your ear to recognise the different sounds of English.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Click \u2018Play Game\u2019 and then you can choose between vowels and consonants. You then select which specific sounds you want to practise. You\u2019ll hear some examples and you have to click on the correct symbol.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Accent-Coach.jpg\" alt=\"Improving your pronunciation with a phonemic chart | Oxford House Barcelona\" width=\"458\" height=\"99\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-39044\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Accent-Coach.jpg 458w, https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Accent-Coach-300x65.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">For more on pronunciation take a look at <a href=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/5-powerful-tools-to-perfect-your-pronunciation\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">5 Powerful Tools to Perfect Your Pronunciation<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"devider element_size_>\"><div style=\"margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px; \" class=\"divider3\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<h1><strong>Glossary for Language Learners<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">Find the following words in the article and then write down any new ones you didn\u2019t know.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>Accurately (adv):<\/em><\/span> an individual installment of a TV show.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>To get to grips with (exp):<\/em><\/span> to watch lots of episodes of a TV series all in one day.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>Let alone (exp):<\/em><\/span> a sequence of related episodes, usually in one year.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>Phonemes (n):<\/em><\/span> to go more quickly.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>At first glance (exp):<\/em><\/span> to take or throw away.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>Diphthongs (n):<\/em><\/span> to dub is to use a different language from the original version.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>To match up (pv):<\/em><\/span> an adjective describing a strong emotional feeling.<\/p>\n<div class=\"devider element_size_>\"><div style=\"margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px; \" class=\"divider1\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\"><strong>Key<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">adv = adverb<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">exp = expression<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">n = noun<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 15px;\">pv = phrasal verb<\/p>\n<div class=\"devider element_size_>\"><div style=\"margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px; \" class=\"divider1\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #055f65;\"><strong><div class=\"messagebox alert alert-info\" style=\"align:left; background:#ffffff; color:#2D346F; border:1px solid #ffffff\"><h4>Study English at Oxford House Barcelona<\/h4><i class=\"icon-info-sign\"><\/i>Interested in taking an English course at Oxford House Barcelona? Check all the different <a href=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/summer-english-courses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Summer English classes<\/a> we can offer you <a href=\"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">contact us<\/a> for more information.<\/div><div class=\"clear\"><\/div><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What do English, Maori, Vietnamese and Zulu have in common? Along with another 131 of the world\u2019s languages, they all use the Latin script. If your first language uses the same alphabet, you\u2019d think that learning the sounds of English would be easy. But, for many learners of English, pronouncing words accurately can be a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":39046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[]},"categories":[268],"tags":[195,5690,1579,137,983],"yst_prominent_words":[1332,1559,5678,5689,1031,1253,1542,1923,5687,2504,5679,5643,5686,5685,5680,5677,5676,5661,1037,1198],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39037"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39037"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39037\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44961,"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39037\/revisions\/44961"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39037"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oxfordhousebcn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=39037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}